Difference between revisions of "Diabetes"
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| − | Not just glucose, but also amino acids (protein) directly trigger the release of insulin. | + | Not just glucose, but also amino acids (protein) directly trigger the release of insulin. Amino acids affect glucose uptake and compete as oxidative fuels.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3100368/] |
In pancreatic islets from both healthy young children and adults, insulin secretion is stimulated by arginine and the combination of leucine and glutamine, concentration-dependent and in an biphasic pattern, similarly to glucose-induced insulin secretion.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5091846/] | In pancreatic islets from both healthy young children and adults, insulin secretion is stimulated by arginine and the combination of leucine and glutamine, concentration-dependent and in an biphasic pattern, similarly to glucose-induced insulin secretion.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5091846/] | ||
Insulin resistance is related to valine, glutamate, tyrosine, glutamine and glycine levels. β-cell functioning is related to leucine, tryptophan, valine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine and serine levels.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26788116] In a 12-year follow-up study involving adult Japanese individuals, plasma levels of isoleucine, leucine, valine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine were reported to predict the development of diabetes in nondiabetic subjects.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3126616/] Obese women show a blunted protein anabolic response to hyperinsulinemia that is consistent with resistance to the action of insulin on protein concurrent with that on glucose metabolism.[http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/82/2/355.long] | Insulin resistance is related to valine, glutamate, tyrosine, glutamine and glycine levels. β-cell functioning is related to leucine, tryptophan, valine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine and serine levels.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26788116] In a 12-year follow-up study involving adult Japanese individuals, plasma levels of isoleucine, leucine, valine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine were reported to predict the development of diabetes in nondiabetic subjects.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3126616/] Obese women show a blunted protein anabolic response to hyperinsulinemia that is consistent with resistance to the action of insulin on protein concurrent with that on glucose metabolism.[http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/82/2/355.long] | ||
A diet that is low in AGEs (see [http://www.waiwiki.org/index.php?title=Maillard_reaction Maillard Reaction]) may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin sensitivity.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27030534] | A diet that is low in AGEs (see [http://www.waiwiki.org/index.php?title=Maillard_reaction Maillard Reaction]) may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin sensitivity.[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27030534] | ||
Revision as of 19:26, 4 April 2017
Not just glucose, but also amino acids (protein) directly trigger the release of insulin. Amino acids affect glucose uptake and compete as oxidative fuels.[1] In pancreatic islets from both healthy young children and adults, insulin secretion is stimulated by arginine and the combination of leucine and glutamine, concentration-dependent and in an biphasic pattern, similarly to glucose-induced insulin secretion.[2] Insulin resistance is related to valine, glutamate, tyrosine, glutamine and glycine levels. β-cell functioning is related to leucine, tryptophan, valine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine and serine levels.[3] In a 12-year follow-up study involving adult Japanese individuals, plasma levels of isoleucine, leucine, valine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine were reported to predict the development of diabetes in nondiabetic subjects.[4] Obese women show a blunted protein anabolic response to hyperinsulinemia that is consistent with resistance to the action of insulin on protein concurrent with that on glucose metabolism.[5]
A diet that is low in AGEs (see Maillard Reaction) may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin sensitivity.[6]
