Armyworm

African Armyworm - Spodoptera exempta

Temperature dominantly affects larval and pupal development time, larval and pupal survivorship and pupal weight. The higher the temperature (34°C, 28°C or 22°C), the faster they grow. They als grow faster (and bigger) on well watered plants (80-90% moisture content) vs water stressed plants (60-70% MC) Survivorship in larval and pupal stage is generally lower at 22°C, and on water stressed plants in very young and older larvae. Larvae reared at high temperature exhibit lighter coloration.[1]